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Anki FSRS: The New Scheduling Algorithm Explained (2026)

FSRS is the most significant improvement to Anki in years. Here's what it is, why it's better than SM-2, how to enable it, and what to set your retention target to.

Anki · Spaced Repetition · Last updated March 2026

What Is FSRS?

FSRS (Free Spaced Repetition Scheduler) is a new scheduling algorithm built into Anki that replaces the old SM-2 algorithm. It's based on a modern memory model, learns from your individual review history, and requires fewer reviews to achieve the same retention rate — typically 15–20% fewer reviews.

SM-2 vs FSRS: What Actually Changed

SM-2 (Old Algorithm)

  • Ease factor drifts over time (ease hell)
  • Doesn't model forgetting curves accurately
  • Same parameters for everyone
  • Pressing Hard penalizes too harshly
  • No retention target — you just review everything

FSRS (New Algorithm)

  • No ease hell — stability model instead
  • Uses the actual forgetting curve equation
  • Personalises to your review history
  • Better handling of Hard and Easy buttons
  • Set a target retention rate (e.g. 90%)

The Memory Model Behind FSRS

FSRS is based on the DSR (Difficulty, Stability, Retrievability) model of memory. Three variables govern every card:

Difficulty (D)

How intrinsically hard is this card? Some cards are just harder to remember than others — different content, different connections, different personal relevance. FSRS tracks this per-card rather than applying a one-size-fits-all ease factor.

Stability (S)

How long until you forget this card? Stability increases each time you successfully recall it. A card you've reviewed 10 times has much higher stability than one you've reviewed twice. FSRS uses this to schedule reviews at the optimal moment.

Retrievability (R)

What is the probability you can recall this card right now? This decays over time following a forgetting curve. FSRS shows you the card when R drops to your target retention level (e.g., 90%). That's the optimal review moment — not too early (wasting a review), not too late (after forgetting).

How to Enable FSRS in Anki

Requires Anki 23.10 or later. Update Anki first if needed.

  1. 1. Open Anki → click the gear icon next to a deck → Options
  2. 2. Scroll down to the FSRS section at the bottom of the options panel
  3. 3. Toggle FSRS on
  4. 4. Set Desired Retention to 0.90 (see below for how to choose)
  5. 5. Click Optimize — this calibrates FSRS to your personal review history. Takes a few seconds.
  6. 6. Click Reschedule cards on change to apply FSRS to all existing cards immediately

What Retention Target Should You Set?

Retention Reviews per day Best for
0.70 Very low Language learning, low-stakes content
0.80 Low General studying, moderate importance
0.90 Moderate (recommended default) Most learners — good balance
0.95 High Medical school boards, high-stakes exams
0.97+ Very high Not recommended — exponentially more reviews for marginal gain

Note: Going from 90% to 95% retention roughly doubles your daily review count. Going to 97% quadruples it. The marginal benefit of each additional percentage point decreases while the cost increases sharply. 90% is the sweet spot for most learners.

Install FSRS4Anki Helper

The FSRS4Anki Helper add-on (code: 759844606) adds a full control panel for FSRS management. It lets you:

Related: Anki settings complete guide, spaced repetition schedule explained, what is spaced repetition.

Get Cards Into Anki Without the Manual Work

Now that your FSRS settings are optimized, fill your deck. StudyCards AI generates properly structured flashcards from your notes and exports them directly to Anki — ready for FSRS scheduling from card one.

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